1. Finer LB and Zolna MR, Unintended pregnancy in the United States: incidence and disparities, 2006, Contraception, 2011, 84(5):478–485.
2. Reece M et al., Condom use rates in a national probability sample of males and females ages 14 to 94 in the United States, Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2010, 7(Suppl. 5):266–276.
3. Martinez GM et al., Fertility, contraception, and fatherhood: data on men and women from Cycle 6 (2002) of the National Survey of Family Growth, Vital and Health Statistics, 2006, Vol. 23, No. 26.
4. Trussell J, Contraceptive failure in the United States, Contraception, 2011, 83(5):397–404.
5. Virjo I and Virtala A, Why do university students use hormonal emergency contraception? European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care, 2003, 8(3):139–144.
6. Jones RK, Darroch JE and Henshaw SK, Contraceptive use among U.S. women having abortions in 2000–2001, Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2002, 34(6):294–303.
7. Crosby RA et al., Men with broken condoms: who and why? Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2007, 83(1):71–75.
8. Polis CB et al., Advance provision of emergency contraception for pregnancy prevention, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2007, Issue 2, No. CD005497.
9. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Healthy People 2020, Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 2011, <http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/objectiveslist.aspx?topicId=13>, accessed July 1, 2011.
10. Gold MA et al., Provision of emergency contraception to adolescents, Journal of Adolescent Health, 2004, 35(1):67–70.
11. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Adolescence, Emergency contraception, Pediatrics, 2005, 116(4):1026–1035.
12. Norris Turner A and Ellertson C, How safe is emergency contraception? Drug Safety, 2002, 25(10):695–706.
13. Meyer JL, Gold MA and Haggerty CL, Advance provision of emergency contraception among adolescent and young adult women: a systematic review of literature, Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 2011, 24(1):2–9.
14. Harper CC and Ellertson CE, The emergency contraceptive pill: a survey of knowledge and attitudes among students at Princeton University, American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 1995, 173(5):1438–1445.
15. Delbanco SF, Mauldon J and Smith MD, Little knowledge and limited practice: emergency contraceptive pills, the public, and the obstetrician-gynecologist, Obstetrics & Gynecology, 1997, 89(6):1006–1011.
16. Delbanco SF et al., Missed opportunities: teenagers and emergency contraception, Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 1998, 152(8):727–733.
17. Delbanco SF et al., Are we making progress with emergency contraception? Recent findings on American adults and health professionals, Journal of the American Medical Women's Association, 1998, 53(5, Suppl. 2):242–246.
18. Harper CC, Minnis AM and Padian NS, Sexual partners and use of emergency contraception, American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2003, 189(4):1093–1099.
19. Salganicoff A, Wentworth B and Ranji U, Emergency Contraception in California: Findings from a 2003 Kaiser Family Foundation Survey, Menlo Park, CA: Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, 2004.
20. Sawyer RG and Thompson E, Knowledge and attitudes about emergency contraception in university students, College Student Journal, 2003, 37(4):523–531.
21. Corbett PO et al., Emergency contraception: knowledge and perceptions in a university population, Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 2006, 18(4):161–168.
22. Urena E and Yen S, Emergency contraception knowledge among teens, Ethnicity & Disease, 2009, 19(2):25–27.
23. Vahratian A et al., College students’ perceptions of emergency contraception provision, Journal of Women's Health, 2008, 17(1):103–111.
24. Miller LM, College student knowledge and attitudes toward emergency contraception, Contraception, 2011, 83(1):68–73.
25. Nguyen BT and Zaller N, Male access to over-the-counter emergency contraception: a survey of acceptability and barriers in Providence, Rhode Island, Women's Health Issues, 2009, 19(6):365–372.
26. Harper C and Ellertson C, Knowledge and perceptions of emergency contraceptive pills among a college-age population: a qualitative approach, Family Planning Perspectives, 1995, 27(4):149–154.
27. Johnson R et al., There's always Plan B: adolescent knowledge, attitudes and intention to use emergency contraception, Contraception, 2010, 81(2):128–132.
28. Merkh RD et al., Young unmarried men's understanding of female hormonal contraception, Contraception, 2009, 79(3):228–235.
29. Cohall AT et al., Inner-city adolescents’ awareness of emergency contraception, Journal of the American Medical Women's Association, 1998, 53(5, Suppl. 2):258–261.
30. Armstrong BJ et al., Creating teachable moments: a clinic-based intervention to improve young men's sexual health, American Journal of Men's Health, 2010, 4(2):135–144.
31. Sable MR et al., Using the theory of reasoned action to explain physician intention to prescribe emergency contraception, Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2006, 38(1):20–27.
32. Kelly PJ et al., Physicians’ intention to educate about emergency contraception, Family Medicine, 2008, 40(1):40–45.
33. Xu X et al., Emergency contraception provision: a survey of Michigan physicians from five medical specialties, Journal of Women's Health, 2007, 16(4):489–498.
34. Golden NH et al., Emergency contraception: pediatricians’ knowledge, attitudes, and opinions, Pediatrics, 2001, 107(2):287–292.
35. Sills MR, Chamberlain JM and Teach SJ, The associations among pediatricians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding emergency contraception, Pediatrics, 2000, 105(4 Pt. 2):954–956.
36. Chuang CH et al., Emergency contraception: prescribing practices of general internists compared with other primary care physicians, Contraception, 2004, 69(1):43–45.
37. Sobota M et al., An intervention to improve advance emergency contraceptive prescribing practices among academic primary care physicians, Contraception, 2008, 78(2):131–135.
38. Beckman LJ et al., Changes in providers’ views and practices about emergency contraception with education, Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2001, 97(6):942–946.
39. Chuang CH and Freund KM, Emergency contraception: an intervention on primary care providers, Contraception, 2005, 72(3):182–186.
40. Gold MA, Schein A and Coupey SM, Emergency contraception: a national survey of adolescent health experts, Family Planning Perspectives, 1997, 29(1):15–19 & 24.
41. Lawrence RE et al., Obstetrician-gynecologist physicians’ beliefs about emergency contraception: a national survey, Contraception, 2010, 82(4):324–330.
42. Upadhya KK, Trent ME and Ellen JM, Impact of individual values on adherence to emergency contraception practice guidelines among pediatric residents: implications for training, Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 2009, 163(10):944–948.
43. Lim SW et al., Emergency contraception: Are pediatric residents counseling and prescribing to teens? Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 2008, 21(3):129–134.
44. Veloudis GM Jr and Murray SC, Emergency contraception knowledge and prescribing practices: a comparison of primary care residents at a teaching hospital, Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 2000, 13(3):125–128.
45. McCarthy SK et al., Availability of services for emergency contraceptive pills at high school–based health centers, Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2005, 37(2):70–77.
46. Bennett W et al., Pharmacists’ knowledge and the difficulty of obtaining emergency contraception, Contraception, 2003, 68(4):261–267.
47. Van Riper KK and Hellerstedt WL, Emergency contraceptive pills: dispensing practices, knowledge and attitudes of South Dakota pharmacists, Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2005, 37(1):19–24.
48. Borrego ME et al., New Mexico pharmacists’ knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs toward prescribing oral emergency contraception, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, 2006, 46(1):33–43.
49. Orr KK and Kachur SG, Community pharmacists’ opinions regarding emergency contraception: a survey in Rhode Island, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, 2007, 47(4):504–507.
50. El-Ibiary SY et al., Pharmacy access to emergency contraception: perspectives of pharmacists at a chain pharmacy in San Francisco, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, 2007, 47(6):702–710.
51. Fuentes EC and Azize-Vargas Y, Knowledge, attitudes and practices in a group of pharmacists in Puerto Rico regarding emergency contraception, Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal, 2007, 26(3):191–197.
52. Nguyen BT and Zaller N, Pharmacy provision of emergency contraception to men: a survey of pharmacist attitudes in Rhode Island, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, 2010, 50(1):17–23.
53. Davidson LA et al., Religion and conscientious objection: a survey of pharmacists’ willingness to dispense medications, Social Science & Medicine, 2010, 71(1):161–165.
54. Sommers SD et al., The emergency contraception collaborative prescribing experience in Washington State, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, 2001, 41(1):60–66.
55. Gordon L, Emergency Contraception: Available at Your Pharmacy Now, New York: Policy and Investigations Division, Council of the City of New York, 2007.
56. Landau S et al., Pharmacist interest in and attitudes toward direct pharmacy access to hormonal contraception in the United States, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, 2009, 49(1):43–50.
57. Henry J, Kaiser Family Foundation and Seventeen Magazine, SexSmarts: A Series of National Surveys of Teens About Sex: Birth Control and Protection, Menlo Park, CA: Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation and Seventeen Magazine, 2004.
58. Marcell AV et al., Prevalence of sexually transmitted infection/human immunodeficiency virus counseling services received by teen males, 1995–2002, Journal of Adolescent Health, 2010, 46(6):553–559.
59. Office of Population Research, Princeton University, and Association of Reproductive Health Professionals, How much do emergency contraceptive pills cost? <http://ec.princeton.edu/locator/concerned-about-cost.html>, accessed June 12, 2012.
60. Brackbill RM, Sternberg MR and Fishbein M, Where do people go for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases? Family Planning Perspectives, 1999, 31(1):10–15.
61. Arizona State University and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Legal/Policy Toolkit for Adoption and Implementation of Expedited Partner Therapy, Tempe, AZ: Arizona State University, 2011, <http://www.cdc.gov/std/ept/legal/EPT-toolkit-complete.pdf>, accessed July 1, 2011.
62. CDC, Legal status of expedited partner therapy (EPT), 2010, <http://www.cdc.gov/std/ept/legal/default.htm>, accessed May 1, 2011.
63. Rodrigues I, Grou F and Joly J, Effectiveness of emergency contraceptive pills between 72 and 120 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse, American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2001, 184(4):531–537.
64. Guttmacher Institute, An overview of minors’ consent law, State Policies in Brief (as of July 2011), 2011, <http://www.guttmacher.org/statecenter/spibs/spib_OMCL.pdf>, accessed July 1, 2011.
65. Suri H and Clarke D, Advancements in research synthesis methods: from a methodologically inclusive perspective, Review of Educational Research, 2009, 79(1):395–430.